In customary lands, land registration is a major issue for economic development. In many countries, it is complex to carry out this cadastre in accordance with the customs and practices, in order to obtain land titles recognized by custom and law. Without this, development projects cannot be implemented. We propose a tool that integrates in a blockchain, the steps of validations of the delimitations made by the user of a dedicated application. These steps correspond to the exchanges between the applicant and the customary authorities and people who may be involved in the management of a land delimitation (adjacent owners). Documents such as customary acts are associated with the blockchain. For example, we can rely on the application of the start-up IAI Artificial Intelligence of the Islands (of Jannai TOKOTOKO, one of the members of the group) which proposes an application dedicated to landowners on customary land for the cadastre (on customary land). From this data, we propose to build the blockchain and to include smart contracts in the blockchain, which are for example rural lease contracts adaptable for customary land. The blockchain also records the data of a so-called consensual delimitation in case of a conflict on the identification of the legitimate land owner.
Our initiative must rely on very high resolution satellite image data (at least 50 cm). The customary authorities of New Caledonia have validated the use of applications from the start-up IAI allowing the user to record the delimitation of his property on site or remotely (on satellite images). The delimitations obtained are subject to digital and customary validation.
Given the unreliability of cadastres (missing property titles in the registers, addresses not found in the cadastres, complexity related to customary law, etc.), the people involved in the delimitation appear as minors (customary data validation entities). In this approach, an initial delimitation validation request relating to the user's land holdings is made and a notification is sent to the customary authorities, and a first block is added to the chain. Each time the data is modified, a new block is added to the chain.
We will use smartphones with GNSS which increases the accuracy of in situ coordinates and very high resolution images for remote pointing by the user.
At the end of the delineation process, a document is generated that is consistent with the record made by the surveyors. This document is integrated into the blockchain.
This type of approach allows for the implementation of development projects, or allows for the establishment of customary, legal and digitally secure rural beaux from the blockchain data.
The three challenges are answered because the tools promote sustainable investments by customarily securing the securities. They are innovative by integrating a conflict management and palaver modeling system into the blockchain. It allows the creation of rural leases from the blockchain data. AND adapts to all indigenous social organizations in the world
Jtokotoko : Artificial intelligence developper
Julien : Blockchain developper
Ghislain : consultant in customary affairs